Undoubtedly psychology is no longer today, to the same degree as it was in the days of the Nouveau Roman, a shameful thing for French-speaking novelists. Yet many of them still seem uncomfortable with this notion, which condemns them to the exploration of biased ways of representing psychic life. This is particularly the case in many novels with a first-person (or “homodiegetic” - cf. Genette) narrator suspected of more or less obvious psychical imbalance, from inoffensive neurosis to disturbing psychosis. In the works of Paul Émond, Tanguy Viel, Éric Chevillard and Jean-Philippe Toussaint, various representative examples of these “pathologies” of the narrative instance will be analyzed in order to identify the aesthetic, poetic and ontological complexities of the imaginary autofiguration of psychic interiority in contemporary literature.